Roofing nails and staples that are driven into the deck at an angle in order to increase structural integrity
Metal flashing located at the juncture of a sloped roof and a vertical wall, chimney, or steeper-sloped roof
Fine, granular material applied to the back of shingles to keep them from sticking together during storage or transport
Bubbles that form in roofing materials, generally as a result of poor ventilation or trapped moisture
Wrinkling of roofing underlayment or movement of the wood deck that stops asphalt shingles from lying flat
Shingle installation method wherein the top roof plane’s shingles are laid to completely cover the bottom plane’s shingles, and are cut to match the bottom’s valley line leaving no flashing exposed
Piece of metal applied to the masonry wall designed to shed water off of the wall and down onto the roof surface
Horizontal decorative molding that sticks out just below the roof line
A curl or “cup” shape that forms in shingles that are improperly installed over an existing roof structure, are over-exposed, or due to a defect
Also known as “sheathing,” the deck is the plywood or oriented strand board that forms a surface onto which other building materials can be applied
Raised roof structure protruding from a sloped roof, often used for windows on two-story homes
L-shaped metal strip installed along the edge of the roof that keeps water off the deck, eaves, and siding
Horizontal lower edge of a sloped roof, generally the first three feet across a roof
The part of each shingle that is exposed to weather and the elements
Flat board or band under the roof edge that forms the outer surface of the cornice
Staples and nails used in roof construction or replacement used to firmly attach roofing tiles and other materials to the deck
The Federal Housing Authority, a government organization that sets construction standards for roofers working in the United States
Metal material that forms a weather-resistant barrier over the joints of a roof, preventing water from getting in
Triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches
Crushed rock used to coat the top surface on shingles
Small timbers or metal beams ranged parallel from wall to wall, arranged in a parallel structure and used to support a floor or ceiling
Continuous metal flashing bent at a horizontal wall to resemble an “L”
Shingles made from two separate pieces that are laminated together, also known as dimensional or architectural shingles
Slatted devices installed in a gable or soffit to ventilate the space below the roof deck in order to maintain favorable temperature and moisture content
Installation of a second layer of shingles along the courses of the original roof in order to avoid shingle cupping
National Roofing Contractors Association, a national organization of roofing contractors
Shingle installation method wherein shingles on both sides of the valley are trimmed along a chalk line snapped on each side of the valley, with valley flashing exposed
Oriented Strand Board, a deck material made from wood chips and lamination glue
When fasteners are driven in with too much force, leading to breakage
Roofing application method wherein shingle courses are applied vertically up the roof
Top section of the roof formed when two sloping roof surfaces intersect
In roofing, the number of inches of vertical length in comparison to the horizontal length, used with the run to find slope
Rectangular-shaped roof vents
In roofing, the number of inches in horizontal length in comparison to the vertical length, used with rise to find the slope
Non-exposed area on rolled roofing with no granules designed for nail placement and sealant
See “Deck”
Steepness of a roof, measured by vertical rise in inches for every 12 inches of horizontal run and expressed as rise (inches)/run (inches)
Underside of an architectural structure that connects the roof overhang to the side of the building
Bottom part of a shingle separated by shingle cut-outs
Removal of existing roof materials down to the deck so that new materials can be placed
When top-level shingles show evidence of uneven surface beneath them, such as shingles installed above buckled shingles showing signs of buckling
When fasteners are driven in with too little force, leading to potential damage due to unsecured tiles
Asphalt-based material installed under the main roofing material that serves as a secondary layer of protection
Angle formed when two adjoining sloped roof planes meet, creating a V-shaped depression
Material designed to restrict passage of water vapor through a roof system or wall
